Abstract. – German anthropology has started to deal with its own role during National Socialism just since the eighties. Although important research has been conducted since them, significant issues remain to be discussed. Therefore, the following article aims at two subjects in order to arouse further debate. On the one hand, the theoretic and practical conjunctions between anthropology and National Socialism are being analyzed. On the other hand, the postwar anthropological examination of the own past itself shows specific reductions and rationalizations which are to be explored. They indicate that form and content of dealing with the National Socialist past still shape today’s anthropology. [Germany, National Socialism, Frobenius, Mühlmann, Father Schmidt, modern revisionism]