Abstract: In his widely discussed article “The Return of The Native” Adam Kuper criticises the concept of indigeneity and how it is used by indigenous activists and supporters. With the help of two case studies – the indigenous rebellion in Chiapas and international programs for strengthening the indigenous movement of El Salvador – I explore the relation of local indigenous groups, their spokespersons, and transnational discourses. Actor-Network-Theory is used to describe how indigenous movements use modern technologies and global discourses in order to sustain authentic identities. The article focuses on the successful or unsuccessful processes of identity formation and representation with the help of technologies. [Mexico, El Salvador, indigeneity, indigenism, identity, actor-network theory]